ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective was to evaluate the psychomotor development in the areas of global motor skills, balance and body structure and level of school extracurricular physical activity. Method: The sample consisted of 30 individuals of both sexes from 6 to 10 years old, divided into two groups: Active Extracurricular Group and Sedentary Extracurricular Group. Data collection included the characterization of the subjects, anthropometric data, and the tests Development Scale Motor and the IPAQ short version. The variables were expressed as frequencies and proportions, the normality was tested with the Shapiro-Wilk test. Student t test was used to determine the statistical significance of normal data and Mann Whitney test for the non-normal data. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. Results: The classification of BMI / age of both groups was eutrophic (53.3%) and the remainder (46.6%) were overweight. The sedentary group had better results in overall motor development, and the active group in balance and body scheme. Conclusion: The children who engage in extracurricular physical activity showed better development in balance and body structure, when compared to those that do not
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Psychomotor Disorders , Exercise/physiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Sedentary Behavior , Motor SkillsABSTRACT
A distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) é uma doença genética que afeta apenas indivíduos do gênero masculino, causando fraqueza muscular progressiva. Conforme a doença progride, surgem algumas outras alterações como, por exemplo, deformidades osteoarticulares e dificuldades na manutenção do equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. Objetivo: Avaliar o equilíbrio de pacientes com DMD deambuladores e comparar a participação da informação sensorial no ajuste postural destes pacientes. Método: Dez pacientes, entre sete e quatorze anos de idade, com diagnóstico de DMD foram avaliados pelo teste de organização sensorial modificada (OSM) da posturografia dinâmica computadorizada. O teste OSM consiste na manutenção da posição bípede sem movimentação sobre uma plataforma em quatro condições distintas: (1) olhos abertos e plataforma fixa, (2) olhos fechados e plataforma fixa, (3) olhos abertos e plataforma móvel, (4) condição olhos fechados e plataforma móvel. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: área de deslocamento do centro de pressão (COP) (cm²); COPx e COPy (deslocamento total do centro de pressão na base de suporte em cm, na direção médio-lateral e ântero-posterior); VMx e VMy (velocidade média do deslocamento do centro de pressão em cm/s). Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada análise de variância para medidas repetidas (ANOVA) tendo como fator as condições de teste, e análise de contraste ajustada para múltiplas comparações (Teste de Tukey) no caso de comparações significativas. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças significativas na área de excursão do centro de pressão nas diferentes condições de teste e no COPx e no COPy. Foi observada diferença significativa na VMx e na VMy entre as condições plataforma fixa/olhos abertos e plataforma móvel/olhos abertos, e entre as condições plataforma fixa/olhos fechados e plataforma móvel/olhos fechados. Conclusão: O teste OSM forneceu dados para a avaliação do equilíbrio desses pacientes, indicando que a privação dos sistemas somatossensorial e visual, em determinadas situações, não foi capaz de provocar grandes alterações de equilíbrio. Contudo, a velocidade do deslocamento do COP, que retrata o ajuste postural, é maior nas diferentes condições testadas.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease that affects only males. It causes progressive muscle weakness. As the disease develops other side effects occur, for example, osteoarticular deformities and difficulties in maintaining static and dynamic balance. Purpose: To evaluate the balance of patients with DMD that are able to walk and compare the involvement of sensory information in postural adjustment of these patients. Method: It was evaluated a total of ten patients from seven to fourteen years old, diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, by the modified sensory organization test (OSM) of Computerized Dynamic Posturography. The OSM test is about the bipedal maintenance position, without movement, on a platform in four different situations: (1) eyes open and fixed platform, (2) eyes closed and fixed platform, (3) eyes open and mobile platform, (4) eyes closed and mobile platform. Those variables were evaluated: area of displacement of pressure center (COP) (cm²); COPx and COPY (total displacement of pressure center at the base of support in cm toward medio-lateral and antero-posterior); VMx and VMy (average speed of displacement of pressure center in cm/s). In order to analyze the data, analysis of variance for repeated measures (ANOVA) with the test conditions were used. The contrast analysis was adjusted for multiple comparisons (Turkey Test) in case of significant comparisons. Results: No significant difference was found in the area of excursion of pressure center in different test conditions and in COPx and COPy. The significant difference was observed in the VMx and VMy between fixed platform / eyes open and mobile platform/ eyes open conditions and between fixed platform/ eyes closed and mobile platform/ eyes closed conditions. Conclusion: The (OSM) test provided data for the assessing balance of these patients. The privation of somatosensory and visual system, in some instances, could not affect patient's balance. However, the speed of COP displacement, which shows the posture adjustment is increase in the different conditions tested.